【独立宣言原文及译文】《独立宣言》是美国历史上具有里程碑意义的文件，于1776年7月4日由大陆会议通过。该宣言宣告了北美13个殖民地脱离英国统治，成为独立国家。它不仅是美国建国的基础文献之一，也对世界范围内的民主与人权思想产生了深远影响。
以下是对《独立宣言》原文及中文译文的简要总结，并以表格形式进行对比展示，帮助读者更清晰地理解其内容和意义。
一、
《独立宣言》主要由三部分组成：
1. 序言：阐述了人类平等、天赋权利等基本理念，强调人民有权推翻压迫政府。
2. 列举了英国国王乔治三世对殖民地的种种暴政，说明殖民地脱离英国的正当性。
3. 结论：正式宣布13个殖民地为自由独立的国家，并表达对未来的期望。
宣言的核心思想是“人人生而平等”，并享有不可剥夺的生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。这些原则不仅影响了美国宪法，也成为后来许多国家宪法的重要参考。
二、原文与译文对照表
| 原文（英文） | 中文译文 |
| When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. | 当人类事务中出现某些情况，使一个民族必须解除与另一个民族之间的政治联系，并在地球上的权力中，取得与之相称的独立和平等地位时，为了尊重人类的意见，他们应当公开说明促使他们采取分离行动的原因。 |
| We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. | 我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，造物主赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。 |
| That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. | 为了保障这些权利，政府才在人们中间建立起来，它的正当权力来自被统治者的同意。 |
| That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. | 任何一种政府，一旦破坏这些目标，人民就有权改变或废除它，并建立新的政府，把它的基础建立在最符合他们安全和幸福的原则之上，以最能体现这种原则的方式组织其权力。 |
| We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress, assembled, do solemnly publish and declare, that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is totally dissolved. | 因此，我们，美利坚合众国的代表，在全体会议上集会，庄严地宣布：这些殖民地是自由和独立的国家，它们从今以后不再效忠于英国王室，与大不列颠王国之间的一切政治联系应完全解除。 |
三、结语
《独立宣言》不仅是一份政治文件，更是一部哲学著作。它所倡导的平等、自由与人民主权的理念，至今仍然影响着全球的政治制度与社会价值观。通过对原文与译文的对比分析，我们可以更深入地理解其思想内涵与历史价值。